The Sino-Tibetan family at a glance
- 496languages
- 248drawn as areas
- 248shown as points
- 17main branches
Colours on the map mark the ten largest families; this page’s filter shows Sino-Tibetan alone. Areas are generalisations from published atlases and overlap with the areas of other families.
Biggest Sino-Tibetan languages
By approximate speaker counts from Wikidata, each with its source and year on its own page.
- Where is Mandarin Chinese spoken? (about 918 million speakers)
- Where is Wu Chinese spoken? (about 81.4 million speakers)
- Where is Yue Chinese spoken? (about 73.1 million speakers)
- Where is Min Nan Chinese spoken? (about 50.1 million speakers)
- Where is Hakka Chinese spoken? (about 48.2 million speakers)
- Where is Jinyu Chinese spoken? (about 46.9 million speakers)
- Where is Xiang Chinese spoken? (about 37.3 million speakers)
- Where is Burmese spoken? (about 32.9 million speakers)
- Where is Gan Chinese spoken? (about 22.1 million speakers)
- Where is Min Bei Chinese spoken? (about 11 million speakers)
Branches of Sino-Tibetan
The second level of the Glottolog family tree.
- Burmo-Qiangic (157)
- Kuki-Chin-Naga (93)
- Bodic (80)
- Himalayish (42)
- Brahmaputran (36)
- Sinitic (27)
- Karenic (19)
- Macro-Tani (12)
- Kho-Bwa (7)
- Macro-Bai (4)
- Raji-Raute (3)
- Nungish (3)
- Dhimal-Lhokpu-Toto (3)
- Digarish (2)
- Kman-Meyor (2)
- Miji (2)
- Mruic (2)
Where Sino-Tibetan languages are spoken
Countries with the most Sino-Tibetan languages, with the number of languages in brackets.
All 496 Sino-Tibetan languages, A to Z
- Ache
- Aimol
- Akeu
- Akha
- Alo Phola
- Alugu
- Aluo
- Amdo Tibetan
- Amri Karbi
- Anal
- Angami Naga
- Ani Phowa
- Anu-Hkongso
- Ao Naga
- Apatani
- Asho Chin
- Athpariya
- Atong (India)
- Awu
- Axi Yi
- Ayizi
- Azha
- Azhe
- Bahing
- Baima
- Balti
- Bangru
- Bantang
- Bantawa
- Baraamu
- Basum
- Bawm Chin
- Belhariya
- Biete
- Bisu
- Biyo
- Bodo-Mech
- Bokar-Ramo
- Bokha
- Bori-Karko
- Brek Karen
- Brokpake
- Bualkhaw Chin
- Bugun
- Bujhyal
- Bumthangkha
- Bunan
- Burmese
- Buyuan Jinuo
- Bwe Karen
- Byangsi
- Caijia
- Camling
- Cauho
- Central Bai
- Chak
- Chalikha
- Challow
- Chang Naga
- Changthang
- Chantyal
- Chashan
- Chaudangsi
- Chen Naga
- Chepang
- Chepya
- Chesu
- Chhitkul-Rakchham
- Chhulung
- Chinbon Chin
- Chintang
- Chiru
- Chocangacakha
- Chokri Naga
- Choni
- Chothe
- Côông
- Cosao
- Daai Chin
- Dakpakha
- Damu
- Daohua
- Darlong
- Darma
- Deori
- Derong-nJol Tibetan
- Dhimal
- Dimasa
- Dolpo
- Dongna
- Dongshanba Lalo
- Drag-yab
- Drugchu
- Drung
- Duhumbi
- Dumi
- Dungan
- Dungmali
- Dur Brokkat
- Dzalakha
- Dzongkha
- East Tusom
- East-Central Tangkhul Naga
- Eastern Gorkha Tamang
- Eastern Kayah
- Eastern Khumi Chin
- Eastern Lalu
- Eastern Magar
- Eastern Mewahang
- Eastern Muya
- Eastern Newari
- Eastern Parbate Kham
- Eastern Puroik
- Eastern Tamang
- Eka
- Enu
- Ersu
- Falam Chin
- Far Northwestern Nisu
- Galo
- Gamale Kham
- Gan Chinese
- Gangou
- Gangte
- Garo
- Geba Karen
- Geko Karen
- Gepo
- Gongduk
- Groma
- Gser-Rdo
- Guiqiong
- Gurung
- Gyalsumdo-Nubri
- Hainanese
- Haka Chin
- Hakka Chinese
- Halam
- Hani
- Hezhou
- Hills Karbi
- Hlepho Phowa
- Hlersu
- Hmar
- Honi
- Hrangkhol
- Hui Chinese
- Humla
- Idu
- Inpui Naga
- Intha-Danu
- Jad
- Jangshung
- Japhug
- Jejara Naga
- Jerung
- Jinyu Chinese
- Jirel
- Kaang Chin
- Kachari
- Kado
- Kaduo
- Kagate
- Kaike
- Kaisanic
- Kalaktang Monpa
- Kanashi
- Kathmandu Valley Newari
- Katso
- Kayan Lahwi
- Khaling
- Khamba
- Khams Tibetan
- Kharam Naga
- Khengkha
- Khezha Naga
- Khiamniungan Naga
- Khispi
- Khlula
- Khoibu
- Khroskyabs
- Khumi Chin
- Khunu-Töt
- Kinnauri
- Kman
- Koch
- Koi
- Koireng
- Kok Borok
- Kom (India)
- Kongai
- Konyak Naga
- Koro
- Kua-nsi
- Kuamasi
- Kucong
- Kulung (Nepal)
- Kurtokha
- Kutang Ghale
- Kyerung
- Laamtuk Thet
- Labo Phowa
- Laghuu
- Lahta-Zayein Karen
- Lahu
- Lahu Shi
- Lainong Naga
- Lairamlo
- Lakha
- Lamjung-Melamchi Yolmo
- Lamkang
- Lamo
- Lamu
- Lao Naga
- Laomian
- Lashi
- Lautu
- Lavu-Yongsheng-Talu
- Lawu
- Layakha
- Laze
- Leh Ladakhi
- Leizhou Chinese
- Lepcha
- Lhokpu
- Lhomi
- Lianghe Achang
- Liangmai Naga
- Limbu
- Limi
- Lipo
- Lisu
- Lizu
- Lohorung
- Lolopo
- Long Phuri Naga
- Longchuan Achang
- Lotha Naga
- Lowa
- Luma
- Lunanakha
- Luxi Achang
- Maang
- Makuri Naga
- Makyamic
- Manange
- Mandarin Chinese
- Mango (China)
- Manipuri
- Mantsi
- Manumanaw Karen
- Mao Naga
- Mara
- Maram Naga
- Maring Naga
- Marma
- Maru
- Maza
- Milang
- Mili
- Min Bei Chinese
- Min Dong Chinese
- Min Nan Chinese
- Min Zhong Chinese
- Miqie
- Mising-Padam-Miri-Minyong
- Mizo
- Mobwa Karen
- Moji
- Mondzi
- Monsang Naga
- Moyon
- Mpi
- Mro Chin
- Mru
- Muangphe
- Muda
- Mugom
- Muklomic
- Mün Chin
- Muzi
- Mzieme Naga
- Na
- Naaba
- Nachering
- Nahenic
- Naluo Yi
- Namuyi
- Nar Phu
- Narua
- Naxi
- Nga La
- Ngawn Chin
- Ngochang
- Nisi (China)
- Nocte Naga
- North-Central Nisu
- North-Central Tangkhul Naga
- Northern Bai
- Northern Ghale
- Northern Jinghpaw
- Northern Muji
- Northern Pinghua
- Northern Pumi
- Northern Qiang
- Northern Rengma Naga
- Northern Tangkhul Naga
- Northern Tujia
- Northwestern Nisu
- Nung (Myanmar)
- Nusu
- Nyishi-Hill Miri
- Nyisu
- Oinam
- Olekha
- Pa'o Karen
- Pahari Newari
- Paite Chin
- Paku Karen
- Pangkhua
- Pangwa Naga
- Pattani
- Pela
- Phala
- Phana'
- Phola
- Pholo
- Phom Naga
- Phrae Pwo Karen
- Phukha
- Phuma
- Phunoi
- Phupa
- Phupha
- Phuza
- Pochuri Naga
- Ponthai
- Poumei Naga
- Pounyiu-Gongvan Naga
- Pu-Xian Chinese
- Puma
- Purik-Sham-Nubra
- Purum
- Pwo Eastern Karen
- Pwo Northern Karen
- Pwo Western Karen
- Pyen
- Qila Muji
- Queyu
- Qujiang Hakka-Shibei Shaoguan Tuhua
- Rabha
- Raji
- Rakhine
- Ralte
- Raute
- Rawang
- Rawat
- Rengmitca
- Riang (India)
- Rongmei Naga
- Rongpo
- Ruga
- S'gaw Karen
- Sadu
- Sajolang
- Sakachep-Chorei
- Samatao
- Samatu
- Samei
- Sampang
- Sangkong
- Sangtam Naga
- Sani
- Sanie
- Sartang
- Seke (Nepal)
- Senthang Chin
- Shaojiang Chinese
- Shendu
- Sherdukpen
- Sheshi Kham
- Shixing
- Shumcho
- Sichuan Yi
- Sikkimese
- Sila
- Simte
- Situ
- Sizang Chin
- Solu-Khumbu Sherpa
- Sonaga
- Songlin
- Sorbung
- Southeast Maoxian Qiang
- Southern Awu (Lope)
- Southern Bai
- Southern Ghale
- Southern Jinghpaw
- Southern Lalo
- Southern Lolopo
- Southern Muji
- Southern Nisu
- Southern Pinghua
- Southern Pumi
- Southern Qiang
- Southern Rengma Naga
- Southern Tangkhul Naga
- Southern Tujia
- Southern Yamphu
- Spiti Bhoti
- Stau-Dgebshes
- Stod Bhoti
- Stodsde
- Suansu
- Sumi Naga
- Sumtu Chin
- Sunam
- Sunwar
- Syriem
- Tagin
- Tangam
- Tanglang-Toloza
- Tangwang
- Tarao
- Taungyo
- Tavoyan
- Tawra
- Tedim Chin
- Thado Chin
- Thakali
- Thangal Naga
- Thangmi
- Thopho
- Thou-Kathu
- Thulung
- Tibetan
- Tichurong
- Tikhakic
- Tilung
- Tinani
- Tippera
- Tiwa (India)
- Tosu
- Toto
- Tshangla
- Tshobdun
- Tsum
- Tutsa Naga
- Ugong
- Upper Mangdep
- Usui
- Vaiphei
- Walungge
- Wambule
- Wancho Naga
- Waxianghua
- Wayu
- Wenzhou
- Western Kayah
- Western Lalu
- Western Magar
- Western Mewahang
- Western Muya
- Western Parbate Kham
- Western Puroik
- Western Tamang
- Wu Chinese
- Wuding-Luquan Yi
- Wui
- Wumeng Nasu
- Wusa Nasu
- Wutunhua
- Xiang Chinese
- Xishanba Lalo
- Xuzhang Lalo
- Yakkha
- Yamphu
- Yangliu
- Yimchungru Naga
- Yinbaw Karen
- Yintale Karen
- Youle Jinuo
- Yue Chinese
- Zaiwa
- Zakhring
- Zangskari
- Zauzou
- Zbu
- Zeme Naga
- Zhaba
- Zhongu
- Zlarong
- Zokhuo
- Zotung Chin
- Zou
- Zyphe
Questions about Sino-Tibetan languages
How many Sino-Tibetan languages are there?
496 living Sino-Tibetan languages are on this map, in the Glottolog classification. They fall into 17 main branches, the biggest being Burmo-Qiangic (157 languages). Other classifications group languages differently, so totals vary.
Where are Sino-Tibetan languages spoken?
China (220), India (187), Myanmar (104), Nepal (81), Bhutan (27) and Bangladesh (25) have the most Sino-Tibetan languages, with the number of languages in brackets.
What are the biggest Sino-Tibetan languages?
By the approximate speaker counts Wikidata holds: Mandarin Chinese (about 918 million), Wu Chinese (about 81.4 million) and Yue Chinese (about 73.1 million). These figures differ between sources and years.